LL-37 is a cathelicidin family antimicrobial peptide known for its potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties and role in immune defense mechanisms. It is naturally produced in the body and has emerged as a natural alternative to antibiotics due to its effectiveness against antibiotic-resistant infections.
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Molecular Characteristics
• Molecular Formula: C205H340N60O53
• Molecular Weight: 4493 g/mol
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Key Functions and Applications
1. Antimicrobial Activity: LL-37 combats a wide range of pathogens including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. It is particularly effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, including drug-resistant strains.
2. Anti-Biofilm Properties: The peptide disrupts biofilm formation by pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, making it valuable in treating persistent infections.
3. Wound Healing: LL-37 enhances wound repair by stimulating blood vessel formation, skin regeneration, and accelerating wound closure.
4. Immunomodulation: It regulates immune responses, enhancing neutrophil survival, reducing inflammatory cytokines, and controlling inflammation through various signaling pathways.
5. Anti-Inflammatory Activity: LL-37 reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines and promotes the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, mitigating inflammatory responses.
6. Cancer Prevention: Shows promise in inhibiting proliferation and suppressing tumor growth in various cancers, including colon and gastric cancers.
7. Cardioprotective Effects: LL-37 aids in reducing cardiac hypertrophy, enhancing cardiac function, and inhibiting atherosclerosis progression.
8. Lung Health: Improves outcomes in diseases like COPD by aiding in the clearance of respiratory pathogens and supporting lung health.
Research Applications
• Antimicrobial: Effective against resistant infections.
• Anti-Biofilm: Useful in disrupting established biofilms.
• Wound Healing: Promotes faster healing of wounds.
• Immunomodulation: Helps in enhancing immune function and modulating inflammatory responses.
• Cancer Prevention and Bone Repair: Has potential roles in cancer prevention and bone health maintenance.
• Cardioprotective: Supports cardiovascular health.
• Lung Health: Contributes to respiratory system efficacy.
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